Internet surveillance in Pakistan is primarily conducted by the PIE under the auspices of the PTA. Because the majority of Pakistan's Internet traffic is routed through the PIE (98% of Pakistani ISPs used the PIE in 2004), it provides a means to monitor and possibly block incoming and outgoing Internet traffic as the government deems fit. The Pakistan Internet Exchange (PIE), operated by the state-owned Pakistan Telecommunication Company Ltd (PTCL), was created to facilitate the exchange of Internet traffic between ISPs within and outside of Pakistan. At the end of 2011, the PTA had officially banned more than 1,000 pornographic websites in Pakistan. Blocking of websites is often carried out under the rubric of restricting access to "blasphemous" content, pornography, or religious immorality. Pakistan has blocked access to websites critical of the government or the military.
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Online civil society activism that began in order to protect free expression in the country continues to expand as citizens utilize new media to disseminate information and organize. Although the majority of filtering in Pakistan is intermittent-such as the occasional block on a major Web site like Blogspot or YouTube-the PTA continues to block sites containing content it considers to be blasphemous, anti-Islamic, or threatening to internal security. Internet filtering in Pakistan is regulated by the Pakistan Telecommunications Authority (PTA) and the Federal Investigation Agency (FIA) under the direction of the government, the Supreme Court of Pakistan, and the Ministry of Information Technology (MoIT). Additionally, Freedom House rated Pakistan's "Freedom on the Net Status" as "Not Free" in its Freedom on the Net 2013 report. The OpenNet Initiative listed Internet filtering in Pakistan as substantial in the conflict/security area, and as selective in the political, social, and Internet tools areas in August 2012. In mid-2012 Pakistanis had relatively free access to a wide range of content, including most sexual, political, social, and religious sites on the Internet. 10 Blocked by Pakistan Telecommunication Authority.4 National URL filtering and blocking system.In 2019, The National Assembly Standing Committee on Information Technology and Telecom was informed by Pakistan Telecommunication Authority (PTA) that 900,000 URLs were blocked in Pakistan for "reasons such as carrying blasphemous and pornographic content and/or sentiments against the state, judiciary or the armed forces." In general, Internet filtering in Pakistan remains both inconsistent and intermittent, with filtering primarily targeted at content deemed to be a threat to national security, pornography and at religious content considered blasphemous.
Pakistan made global headlines in 2010 for blocking Facebook and other Web sites in response to a contest popularized on the social networking site to draw images of the Prophet Mohammad. Pakistan has asked a number of social media organisations to set up local offices within the country, but this is yet to happen. There have been significant instances of website access restriction in Pakistan, most notably when YouTube was banned from 2012–2016.
Internet censorship in Pakistan is government control of information sent and received using the Internet in Pakistan.
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